0 Votes

Changes for page Studies: Race

Last modified by Ryan C on 2025/06/21 05:59

From version 1.1
edited by Ryan C
on 2025/06/21 05:57
Change comment: There is no comment for this version
To version 2.1
edited by Ryan C
on 2025/06/21 05:57
Change comment: There is no comment for this version

Summary

Details

Page properties
Content
... ... @@ -1,0 +1,67 @@
1 +{{expandable summary="Study: Genetic Structure, Self-Identified Race/Ethnicity, and Confounding in Case-Control Association Studies"}}
2 +**Source:** *Genetic Epidemiology*
3 +**Date of Publication:** *2001*
4 +**Author(s):** *Neil Risch, Esteban Burchard, Elisa Ziv, Hua Tang*
5 +**Title:** *"Genetic Structure, Self-Identified Race/Ethnicity, and Confounding in Case-Control Association Studies"*
6 +**DOI:** [10.1038/ng1199-355](https://doi.org/10.1038/ng1199-355)
7 +**Subject Matter:** *Population Genetics, Biomedical Research, Race & Ancestry*
8 +
9 +{{expandable summary="πŸ“Š Key Statistics"}}
10 +1. **General Observations:**
11 + - Sample: 3,636 individuals from **White, African-American, East Asian, and Hispanic** groups.
12 + - Genotyped for **326 microsatellite markers**.
13 +
14 +2. **Subgroup Analysis:**
15 + - **Self-identified race matched genetic clusters 99.86% of the time**.
16 + - Each group formed **distinct, non-overlapping clusters** in genetic space.
17 +
18 +3. **Other Significant Data Points:**
19 + - Genetic structure correlated strongly with **continental ancestry**, not geography of residence.
20 + - Demonstrated minimal overlap between populations, affirming **biological distinctiveness** of racial groupings.
21 +{{/expandable}}
22 +
23 +{{expandable summary="πŸ”¬ Findings"}}
24 +1. **Primary Observations:**
25 + - **Self-identified race is a valid proxy for genetic ancestry** in medical and population studies.
26 + - Racial classification is not merely β€œsocially constructed,” but **reflects deep ancestral population structure**.
27 +
28 +2. **Subgroup Trends:**
29 + - East Asians, Africans, and Europeans formed **clear, separable genetic clusters**.
30 + - Hispanics showed **admixture**, but still clustered distinguishably.
31 +
32 +3. **Specific Case Analysis:**
33 + - The paper challenged the **PC dogma** that race is biologically meaningless.
34 + - Warned that **ignoring race in genetic studies can introduce confounding**, especially in disease association research.
35 +{{/expandable}}
36 +
37 +{{expandable summary="πŸ“ Critique & Observations"}}
38 +1. **Strengths of the Study:**
39 + - Robust dataset across multiple racial/ethnic groups.
40 + - Clear empirical demonstration of the **biological reality of race**.
41 +
42 +2. **Limitations of the Study:**
43 + - Did not account for intra-population stratification or recent admixture in fine detail.
44 + - Based on microsatellite markers β€” less resolution than full-genome sequencing.
45 +
46 +3. **Suggestions for Improvement:**
47 + - Update with modern SNP or WGS data.
48 + - Include more populations (e.g., Middle Easterners, South Asians) for global structure.
49 +{{/expandable}}
50 +
51 +{{expandable summary="πŸ“Œ Relevance to Subproject"}}
52 +- Provides foundational genetic evidence **supporting the coherence of racial classifications**.
53 +- Useful in refuting the claim that race is merely a sociological artifact.
54 +- Directly applicable to the **race realism** and **genetic confounding** discussion in medical ethics and social sciences.
55 +{{/expandable}}
56 +
57 +{{expandable summary="πŸ” Suggestions for Further Exploration"}}
58 +1. Analyze how racial identity correlates with **disease risk and treatment outcomes**.
59 +2. Compare modern SNP datasets to validate or refine the 2001 conclusions.
60 +3. Investigate how **DEI-driven research** suppresses or distorts findings on genetic ancestry.
61 +{{/expandable}}
62 +
63 +{{expandable summary="πŸ“„ Download Full Study"}}
64 +[[Download Full Study>>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1196372/]]
65 +{{/expandable}}
66 +{{/expandable}}
67 +