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1 1  = Crime and Substance Abuse =
2 2  
3 +{{expandable summary="Study: Rape and Racial Patterns"}}
4 +**Source:** *Crime and Delinquency*
5 +**Date of Publication:** *1984*
6 +**Author(s):** *James L. LeBeau*
7 +**Title:** *"Rape and Racial Patterns"*
8 +**DOI:** *Unavailable – Published in Crime and Delinquency journal, 1984*
9 +**Subject Matter:** *Interracial Crime, Racial Patterns in Sexual Violence, Police Data Analysis*
10 +
11 +{{expandable summary="📊 Key Statistics"}}
12 +1. **General Observations:**
13 + - Study analyzed **rape cases from six U.S. cities** (Chicago, Kansas City, Oakland, San Diego, St. Louis, San Jose) over a two-year period.
14 + - Used **official police data** with verified offender and victim race.
15 +
16 +2. **Subgroup Analysis:**
17 + - Confirmed that most rapes are intraracial, but found **significant exceptions in Black-on-White rape rates**.
18 + - **White women were the most frequent victims** in interracial rape cases involving Black and Latino offenders.
19 +
20 +3. **Other Significant Data Points:**
21 + - In **San Diego and Oakland**, Black offenders were responsible for **more than half of all rapes of White women**.
22 + - Interracial rape by White offenders against Black women was virtually nonexistent in the cities studied.
23 +{{/expandable}}
24 +
25 +{{expandable summary="🔬 Findings"}}
26 +1. **Primary Observations:**
27 + - While intraracial rape dominates overall patterns, **interracial rape involving Black offenders and White victims is substantially higher than commonly reported**.
28 + - Some cities showed **disproportionate rates of Black-on-White sexual violence** compared to their population size.
29 +
30 +2. **Subgroup Trends:**
31 + - **Latino offenders also disproportionately targeted White women** in certain cities.
32 + - White offenders rarely targeted minority women, particularly Black women.
33 +
34 +3. **Specific Case Analysis:**
35 + - Previous studies misrepresented interracial rape by **counting serial offenders multiple times**, which inflated minority perpetration rates — this study corrected that and still found high Black-on-White victimization rates.
36 + - San Diego reported that **more than half of all rapes of White women involved Black offenders**.
37 +{{/expandable}}
38 +
39 +{{expandable summary="📝 Critique & Observations"}}
40 +1. **Strengths of the Study:**
41 + - Directly challenges popular misconceptions about interracial rape patterns.
42 + - Carefully controls for methodological errors common in prior race-crime studies.
43 +
44 +2. **Limitations of the Study:**
45 + - Study is limited to six cities and a two-year window, though the selected locations offer racial diversity.
46 + - Does not address sociological or cultural explanations for the observed disparities.
47 +
48 +3. **Suggestions for Improvement:**
49 + - Expand analysis to more cities and rural areas to see if the pattern holds nationally.
50 + - Incorporate victim and offender socioeconomic data for deeper structural understanding.
51 +{{/expandable}}
52 +
53 +{{expandable summary="📌 Relevance to Subproject"}}
54 +- Provides **critical empirical support for challenging the myth** that interracial rape is balanced or insignificant.
55 +- Documents that **White women are disproportionately targeted by minority offenders**, particularly Black and Latino men.
56 +- Supports broader analysis of **racial crime patterns that contradict DEI-framed narratives** about victimization.
57 +{{/expandable}}
58 +
59 +{{expandable summary="🔍 Suggestions for Further Exploration"}}
60 +1. Compare more recent race-rape statistics to see if patterns persist over time.
61 +2. Investigate **media reporting practices** on interracial sexual violence.
62 +3. Study the cultural impact of misrepresenting interracial crime statistics in public discourse.
63 +{{/expandable}}
64 +
65 +{{expandable summary="📄 Download Full Study"}}
66 +[[Download Full Study>>attach:13.LeBeau_Rape_Racial_Patterns.pdf]]
67 +{{/expandable}}
68 +{{/expandable}}
69 +
70 +
3 3  {{expandable summary="Study: Factors Associated with Completion of a Drug Treatment Court Diversion Program"}}
4 4  **Source:** *Substance Use & Misuse*
5 5  **Date of Publication:** *2002*