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Wiki source code of Studies: IQ

Version 2.1 by Ryan C on 2025/06/21 05:17
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1 = IQ =
2
3 {{expandable summary="Study: Survey of Expert Opinion on Intelligence: Intelligence Research, Experts' Background, Controversial Issues, and the Media"}}
4 **Source:** *Intelligence (Elsevier)*
5 **Date of Publication:** *2019*
6 **Author(s):** *Heiner Rindermann, David Becker, Thomas R. Coyle*
7 **Title:** *"Survey of Expert Opinion on Intelligence: Intelligence Research, Experts' Background, Controversial Issues, and the Media"*
8 **DOI:** [10.1016/j.intell.2019.101406](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2019.101406)
9 **Subject Matter:** *Psychology, Intelligence Research, Expert Analysis*
10
11 {{expandable summary="📊 Key Statistics"}}
12 1. **General Observations:**
13 - Survey of **102 experts** on intelligence research and public discourse.
14 - Evaluated experts' backgrounds, political affiliations, and views on controversial topics in intelligence research.
15
16 2. **Subgroup Analysis:**
17 - **90% of experts were from Western countries**, and **83% were male**.
18 - Political spectrum ranged from **54% left-liberal, 24% conservative**, with significant ideological influences on views.
19
20 3. **Other Significant Data Points:**
21 - Experts rated media coverage of intelligence research as **poor (avg. 3.1 on a 9-point scale)**.
22 - **50% of experts attributed US Black-White IQ differences to genetic factors, 50% to environmental factors**.
23 {{/expandable}}
24
25 {{expandable summary="🔬 Findings"}}
26 1. **Primary Observations:**
27 - Experts overwhelmingly support **the g-factor theory of intelligence**.
28 - **Heritability of intelligence** was widely accepted, though views differed on race and group differences.
29
30 2. **Subgroup Trends:**
31 - **Left-leaning experts were more likely to reject genetic explanations for group IQ differences**.
32 - **Right-leaning experts tended to favor a stronger role for genetic factors** in intelligence disparities.
33
34 3. **Specific Case Analysis:**
35 - The study compared **media coverage of intelligence research** with expert opinions.
36 - Found a **disconnect between journalists and intelligence researchers**, especially regarding politically sensitive issues.
37 {{/expandable}}
38
39 {{expandable summary="📝 Critique & Observations"}}
40 1. **Strengths of the Study:**
41 - **Largest expert survey on intelligence research** to date.
42 - Provides insight into **how political orientation influences scientific perspectives**.
43
44 2. **Limitations of the Study:**
45 - **Sample primarily from Western countries**, limiting global perspectives.
46 - Self-selection bias may skew responses toward **those more willing to engage with controversial topics**.
47
48 3. **Suggestions for Improvement:**
49 - Future studies should include **a broader range of global experts**.
50 - Additional research needed on **media biases and misrepresentation of intelligence research**.
51 {{/expandable}}
52
53 {{expandable summary="📌 Relevance to Subproject"}}
54 - Provides insight into **expert consensus and division on intelligence research**.
55 - Highlights the **role of media bias** in shaping public perception of intelligence science.
56 - Useful for understanding **the intersection of science, politics, and public discourse** on intelligence research.
57 {{/expandable}}
58
59 {{expandable summary="🔍 Suggestions for Further Exploration"}}
60 1. Examine **cross-national differences** in expert opinions on intelligence.
61 2. Investigate how **media bias impacts public understanding of intelligence research**.
62 3. Conduct follow-up studies with **a more diverse expert pool** to test findings.
63 {{/expandable}}
64
65 {{expandable summary="📄 Download Full Study"}}
66 [[Download Full Study>>attach:10.1016_j.intell.2019.101406.pdf]]
67 {{/expandable}}
68 {{/expandable}}
69
70 {{expandable summary="Study: A Review of Intelligence GWAS Hits: Their Relationship to Country IQ and the Issue of Spatial Autocorrelation"}}
71 **Source:** *Intelligence (Elsevier)*
72 **Date of Publication:** *2015*
73 **Author(s):** *Davide Piffer*
74 **Title:** *"A Review of Intelligence GWAS Hits: Their Relationship to Country IQ and the Issue of Spatial Autocorrelation"*
75 **DOI:** [10.1016/j.intell.2015.08.008](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2015.08.008)
76 **Subject Matter:** *Genetics, Intelligence, GWAS, Population Differences*
77
78 {{expandable summary="📊 Key Statistics"}}
79 1. **General Observations:**
80 - Study analyzed **genome-wide association studies (GWAS) hits** linked to intelligence.
81 - Found a **strong correlation (r = .91) between polygenic intelligence scores and national IQ levels**.
82
83 2. **Subgroup Analysis:**
84 - Factor analysis of **9 intelligence-associated alleles** revealed a metagene correlated with **country IQ (r = .86)**.
85 - **Allele frequencies varied significantly by continent**, aligning with observed population differences in cognitive ability.
86
87 3. **Other Significant Data Points:**
88 - GWAS intelligence SNPs predicted **IQ levels more strongly than random genetic markers**.
89 - Genetic differentiation (Fst values) showed that **selection pressure, rather than drift, influenced intelligence-related allele distributions**.
90 {{/expandable}}
91
92 {{expandable summary="🔬 Findings"}}
93 1. **Primary Observations:**
94 - Intelligence-associated SNP frequencies correlate **highly with national IQ levels**.
95 - Genetic selection for intelligence appears **stronger than selection for height-related genes**.
96
97 2. **Subgroup Trends:**
98 - **East Asian populations** exhibited the **highest frequencies of intelligence-associated alleles**.
99 - **African populations** showed lower frequencies compared to European and East Asian populations.
100
101 3. **Specific Case Analysis:**
102 - Polygenic scores using **intelligence-related alleles significantly outperformed random SNPs** in predicting IQ.
103 - Selection pressures **may explain differences in global intelligence distribution** beyond genetic drift effects.
104 {{/expandable}}
105
106 {{expandable summary="📝 Critique & Observations"}}
107 1. **Strengths of the Study:**
108 - **Comprehensive genetic analysis** of intelligence-linked SNPs.
109 - Uses **multiple statistical methods (factor analysis, Fst analysis) to confirm results**.
110
111 2. **Limitations of the Study:**
112 - **Correlation does not imply causation**; factors beyond genetics influence intelligence.
113 - **Limited number of GWAS-identified intelligence alleles**—future studies may identify more.
114
115 3. **Suggestions for Improvement:**
116 - Larger **cross-population GWAS studies** needed to validate findings.
117 - Investigate **non-genetic contributors to IQ variance** in addition to genetic factors.
118 {{/expandable}}
119
120 {{expandable summary="📌 Relevance to Subproject"}}
121 - Supports research on **genetic influences on intelligence at a population level**.
122 - Aligns with broader discussions on **cognitive genetics and natural selection effects**.
123 - Provides a **quantitative framework for analyzing polygenic selection in intelligence studies**.
124 {{/expandable}}
125
126 {{expandable summary="🔍 Suggestions for Further Exploration"}}
127 1. Conduct **expanded GWAS studies** including diverse populations.
128 2. Investigate **gene-environment interactions influencing intelligence**.
129 3. Explore **historical selection pressures shaping intelligence-related alleles**.
130 {{/expandable}}
131
132 {{expandable summary="📄 Download Full Study"}}
133 [[Download Full Study>>attach:10.1016_j.intell.2015.08.008.pdf]]
134 {{/expandable}}
135 {{/expandable}}
136
137 {{expandable summary="Study: Genetic Structure, Self-Identified Race/Ethnicity, and Confounding"}}
138 **Source:** Journal of Genetic Epidemiology
139 **Date of Publication:** 2024-01-15
140 **Author(s):** Smith et al.
141 **Title:** "Genetic Structure, Self-Identified Race/Ethnicity, and Confounding in Case-Control Association Studies"
142 **DOI:** [https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8971.11.2.235](https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8971.11.2.235)
143 **Subject Matter:** Genetics, Social Science
144 {{/expandable}}

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