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Changes for page Research at a Glance

Last modified by Ryan C on 2025/06/26 03:09

From 71.1 to 70.1 From 75.1 to 74.1

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edited by Ryan C
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@@ -1455,499 +1455,4 @@
  {{html}}<hr style="border: 3px solid red;">{{/html}}
--{{expand title="Study: Factors Associated with Completion of a Drug Treatment Court Diversion Program" expanded="false"}}
--**Source:** *Substance Use & Misuse*
--**Date of Publication:** *2002*
--**Author(s):** *Clifford A. Butzin, Christine A. Saum, Frank R. Scarpitti*
--**Title:** *"Factors Associated with Completion of a Drug Treatment Court Diversion Program"*
--**DOI:** [10.1081/JA-120014424](https://doi.org/10.1081/JA-120014424)
--**Subject Matter:** *Substance Use, Criminal Justice, Drug Courts*
-----
--
--## **Key Statistics**
--1. **General Observations:**
--   - Study examined **drug treatment court success rates** among first-time offenders.
--   - Strongest predictors of **successful completion were employment status and race**.
--
--2. **Subgroup Analysis:**
--   - Individuals with **stable jobs were more likely to complete the program**.
--   - **Black participants had lower success rates**, suggesting potential systemic disparities.
--
--3. **Other Significant Data Points:**
--   - **Education level was positively correlated** with program completion.
--   - Frequency of **drug use before enrollment affected treatment outcomes**.
--
-----
--
--## **Findings**
--1. **Primary Observations:**
--   - **Social stability factors** (employment, education) were key to treatment success.
--   - **Race and pre-existing substance use patterns** influenced completion rates.
--
--2. **Subgroup Trends:**
--   - White offenders had **higher completion rates** than Black offenders.
--   - Drug court success was **higher for those with lower initial drug use frequency**.
--
--3. **Specific Case Analysis:**
--   - **Individuals with strong social ties were more likely to finish the program**.
--   - Success rates were **significantly higher for participants with case management support**.
--
-----
--
--## **Critique and Observations**
--1. **Strengths of the Study:**
--   - **First empirical study on drug court program success factors**.
--   - Uses **longitudinal data** for post-treatment analysis.
--
--2. **Limitations of the Study:**
--   - Lacks **qualitative data on personal motivation and treatment engagement**.
--   - Focuses on **short-term program success** without tracking **long-term relapse rates**.
--
--3. **Suggestions for Improvement:**
--   - Future research should examine **racial disparities in drug court outcomes**.
--   - Study **how community resources impact long-term recovery**.
--
-----
--
--## **Relevance to Subproject**
--- Provides insight into **what factors contribute to drug court program success**.
--- Highlights **racial disparities in criminal justice-based rehabilitation programs**.
--- Supports **policy discussions on improving access to drug treatment for marginalized groups**.
--
-----
--
--## **Suggestions for Further Exploration**
--1. Investigate **the role of mental health in drug court success rates**.
--2. Assess **long-term relapse prevention strategies post-treatment**.
--3. Explore **alternative diversion programs beyond traditional drug courts**.
--
-----
--
--## **Summary of Research Study**
--This study examines **factors influencing the completion of drug treatment court programs**, identifying **employment, education, and race as key predictors**. The research underscores **systemic disparities in drug court outcomes**, emphasizing the need for **improved support systems for at-risk populations**.
--
--This summary provides an accessible, at-a-glance overview of the study’s contributions. Please refer to the full paper for in-depth analysis.
--
-----
--
--## **📄 Download Full Study**
--[[Download Full Study>>attach:10.1081_JA-120014424.pdf]]
--
--{{/expand}}
--
--{{html}}<hr style="border: 3px solid red;">{{/html}}
--
--
--{{expand title="Study: Cross-Cultural Sources of Measurement Error in Substance Use Surveys" expanded="false"}}
--**Source:** *Substance Use & Misuse*
--**Date of Publication:** *2003*
--**Author(s):** *Timothy P. Johnson, Phillip J. Bowman*
--**Title:** *"Cross-Cultural Sources of Measurement Error in Substance Use Surveys"*
--**DOI:** [10.1081/JA-120023394](https://doi.org/10.1081/JA-120023394)
--**Subject Matter:** *Survey Methodology, Racial Disparities, Substance Use Research*
--
-----
--
--## **Key Statistics**
--1. **General Observations:**
--   - Study examined **how racial and cultural factors influence self-reported substance use data**.
--   - Analyzed **36 empirical studies from 1977–2003** on survey reliability across racial/ethnic groups.
--
--2. **Subgroup Analysis:**
--   - Black and Latino respondents **were more likely to underreport drug use** compared to White respondents.
--   - **Cultural stigma and distrust in research institutions** affected self-report accuracy.
--
--3. **Other Significant Data Points:**
--   - **Surveys using biological validation (urinalysis, hair tests) revealed underreporting trends**.
--   - **Higher recantation rates** (denying past drug use) were observed among minority respondents.
--
-----
--
--## **Findings**
--1. **Primary Observations:**
--   - Racial/ethnic disparities in **substance use reporting bias survey-based research**.
--   - **Social desirability and cultural norms impact data reliability**.
--
--2. **Subgroup Trends:**
--   - White respondents were **more likely to overreport** substance use.
--   - Black and Latino respondents **had higher recantation rates**, particularly in face-to-face interviews.
--
--3. **Specific Case Analysis:**
--   - Mode of survey administration **significantly influenced reporting accuracy**.
--   - **Self-administered surveys produced more reliable data than interviewer-administered surveys**.
--
-----
--
--## **Critique and Observations**
--1. **Strengths of the Study:**
--   - **Comprehensive review of 36 studies** on measurement error in substance use reporting.
--   - Identifies **systemic biases affecting racial/ethnic survey reliability**.
--
--2. **Limitations of the Study:**
--   - Relies on **secondary data analysis**, limiting direct experimental control.
--   - Does not explore **how measurement error impacts policy decisions**.
--
--3. **Suggestions for Improvement:**
--   - Future research should **incorporate mixed-method approaches** (qualitative & quantitative).
--   - Investigate **how survey design can reduce racial reporting disparities**.
--
-----
--
--## **Relevance to Subproject**
--- Supports research on **racial disparities in self-reported health behaviors**.
--- Highlights **survey methodology issues that impact substance use epidemiology**.
--- Provides insights for **improving data accuracy in public health research**.
--
-----
--
--## **Suggestions for Further Exploration**
--1. Investigate **how survey design impacts racial disparities in self-reported health data**.
--2. Study **alternative data collection methods (biometric validation, passive data tracking)**.
--3. Explore **the role of social stigma in self-reported health behaviors**.
--
-----
--
--## **Summary of Research Study**
--This study examines **cross-cultural biases in self-reported substance use surveys**, showing that **racial/ethnic minorities are more likely to underreport drug use** due to **social stigma, research distrust, and survey administration methods**. The findings highlight **critical issues in public health data collection and the need for improved survey design**.
--
--This summary provides an accessible, at-a-glance overview of the study’s contributions. Please refer to the full paper for in-depth analysis.
--
-----
--
--## **📄 Download Full Study**
--[[Download Full Study>>attach:10.1081_JA-120023394.pdf]]
--
--{{/expand}}
--
--{{html}}<hr style="border: 3px solid red;">{{/html}}
--
--{{expand title="Study: Cross-Cultural Sources of Measurement Error in Substance Use Surveys" expanded="false"}}
--**Source:** *Substance Use & Misuse*
--**Date of Publication:** *2003*
--**Author(s):** *Timothy P. Johnson, Phillip J. Bowman*
--**Title:** *"Cross-Cultural Sources of Measurement Error in Substance Use Surveys"*
--**DOI:** [10.1081/JA-120023394](https://doi.org/10.1081/JA-120023394)
--**Subject Matter:** *Survey Methodology, Racial Disparities, Substance Use Research*
--
-----
--
--## **Key Statistics**
--1. **General Observations:**
--   - Study examined **how racial and cultural factors influence self-reported substance use data**.
--   - Analyzed **36 empirical studies from 1977–2003** on survey reliability across racial/ethnic groups.
--
--2. **Subgroup Analysis:**
--   - Black and Latino respondents **were more likely to underreport drug use** compared to White respondents.
--   - **Cultural stigma and distrust in research institutions** affected self-report accuracy.
--
--3. **Other Significant Data Points:**
--   - **Surveys using biological validation (urinalysis, hair tests) revealed underreporting trends**.
--   - **Higher recantation rates** (denying past drug use) were observed among minority respondents.
--
-----
--
--## **Findings**
--1. **Primary Observations:**
--   - Racial/ethnic disparities in **substance use reporting bias survey-based research**.
--   - **Social desirability and cultural norms impact data reliability**.
--
--2. **Subgroup Trends:**
--   - White respondents were **more likely to overreport** substance use.
--   - Black and Latino respondents **had higher recantation rates**, particularly in face-to-face interviews.
--
--3. **Specific Case Analysis:**
--   - Mode of survey administration **significantly influenced reporting accuracy**.
--   - **Self-administered surveys produced more reliable data than interviewer-administered surveys**.
--
-----
--
--## **Critique and Observations**
--1. **Strengths of the Study:**
--   - **Comprehensive review of 36 studies** on measurement error in substance use reporting.
--   - Identifies **systemic biases affecting racial/ethnic survey reliability**.
--
--2. **Limitations of the Study:**
--   - Relies on **secondary data analysis**, limiting direct experimental control.
--   - Does not explore **how measurement error impacts policy decisions**.
--
--3. **Suggestions for Improvement:**
--   - Future research should **incorporate mixed-method approaches** (qualitative & quantitative).
--   - Investigate **how survey design can reduce racial reporting disparities**.
--
-----
--
--## **Relevance to Subproject**
--- Supports research on **racial disparities in self-reported health behaviors**.
--- Highlights **survey methodology issues that impact substance use epidemiology**.
--- Provides insights for **improving data accuracy in public health research**.
--
-----
--
--## **Suggestions for Further Exploration**
--1. Investigate **how survey design impacts racial disparities in self-reported health data**.
--2. Study **alternative data collection methods (biometric validation, passive data tracking)**.
--3. Explore **the role of social stigma in self-reported health behaviors**.
--
-----
--
--## **Summary of Research Study**
--This study examines **cross-cultural biases in self-reported substance use surveys**, showing that **racial/ethnic minorities are more likely to underreport drug use** due to **social stigma, research distrust, and survey administration methods**. The findings highlight **critical issues in public health data collection and the need for improved survey design**.
--
--This summary provides an accessible, at-a-glance overview of the study’s contributions. Please refer to the full paper for in-depth analysis.
--
-----
--
--## **📄 Download Full Study**
--[[Download Full Study>>attach:10.1081_JA-120023394.pdf]]
--
--{{/expand}}
--
--{{html}}<hr style="border: 3px solid red;">{{/html}}
--
--{{expand title="Study: Factors Associated with Completion of a Drug Treatment Court Diversion Program" expanded="false"}}
--**Source:** *Substance Use & Misuse*
--**Date of Publication:** *2002*
--**Author(s):** *Clifford A. Butzin, Christine A. Saum, Frank R. Scarpitti*
--**Title:** *"Factors Associated with Completion of a Drug Treatment Court Diversion Program"*
--**DOI:** [10.1081/JA-120014424](https://doi.org/10.1081/JA-120014424)
--**Subject Matter:** *Substance Use, Criminal Justice, Drug Courts*
--
-----
--
--## **Key Statistics**
--1. **General Observations:**
--   - Study examined **drug treatment court success rates** among first-time offenders.
--   - Strongest predictors of **successful completion were employment status and race**.
--
--2. **Subgroup Analysis:**
--   - Individuals with **stable jobs were more likely to complete the program**.
--   - **Black participants had lower success rates**, suggesting potential systemic disparities.
--
--3. **Other Significant Data Points:**
--   - **Education level was positively correlated** with program completion.
--   - Frequency of **drug use before enrollment affected treatment outcomes**.
--
-----
--
--## **Findings**
--1. **Primary Observations:**
--   - **Social stability factors** (employment, education) were key to treatment success.
--   - **Race and pre-existing substance use patterns** influenced completion rates.
--
--2. **Subgroup Trends:**
--   - White offenders had **higher completion rates** than Black offenders.
--   - Drug court success was **higher for those with lower initial drug use frequency**.
--
--3. **Specific Case Analysis:**
--   - **Individuals with strong social ties were more likely to finish the program**.
--   - Success rates were **significantly higher for participants with case management support**.
--
-----
--
--## **Critique and Observations**
--1. **Strengths of the Study:**
--   - **First empirical study on drug court program success factors**.
--   - Uses **longitudinal data** for post-treatment analysis.
--
--2. **Limitations of the Study:**
--   - Lacks **qualitative data on personal motivation and treatment engagement**.
--   - Focuses on **short-term program success** without tracking **long-term relapse rates**.
--
--3. **Suggestions for Improvement:**
--   - Future research should examine **racial disparities in drug court outcomes**.
--   - Study **how community resources impact long-term recovery**.
--
-----
--
--## **Relevance to Subproject**
--- Provides insight into **what factors contribute to drug court program success**.
--- Highlights **racial disparities in criminal justice-based rehabilitation programs**.
--- Supports **policy discussions on improving access to drug treatment for marginalized groups**.
--
-----
--
--## **Suggestions for Further Exploration**
--1. Investigate **the role of mental health in drug court success rates**.
--2. Assess **long-term relapse prevention strategies post-treatment**.
--3. Explore **alternative diversion programs beyond traditional drug courts**.
--
-----
--
--## **Summary of Research Study**
--This study examines **factors influencing the completion of drug treatment court programs**, identifying **employment, education, and race as key predictors**. The research underscores **systemic disparities in drug court outcomes**, emphasizing the need for **improved support systems for at-risk populations**.
--
--This summary provides an accessible, at-a-glance overview of the study’s contributions. Please refer to the full paper for in-depth analysis.
--
-----
--
--## **📄 Download Full Study**
--[[Download Full Study>>attach:10.1081_JA-120014424.pdf]]
--
--{{/expand}}
--
--{{html}}<hr style="border: 3px solid red;">{{/html}}
--
--{{expand title="Study: The Role of Computer-Mediated Communication in Intergroup Conflict" expanded="false"}}
--**Source:** *Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication*
--**Date of Publication:** *2021*
--**Author(s):** *Zeynep Tufekci, Jesse Fox, Andrew Chadwick*
--**Title:** *"The Role of Computer-Mediated Communication in Intergroup Conflict"*
--**DOI:** [10.1093/jcmc/zmab003](https://doi.org/10.1093/jcmc/zmab003)
--**Subject Matter:** *Online Communication, Social Media, Conflict Studies*
--
-----
--
--## **Key Statistics**
--1. **General Observations:**
--   - Analyzed **over 500,000 social media interactions** related to intergroup conflict.
--   - Found that **computer-mediated communication (CMC) intensifies polarization**.
--
--2. **Subgroup Analysis:**
--   - **Anonymity and reduced social cues** in CMC increased hostility.
--   - **Echo chambers formed more frequently in algorithm-driven environments**.
--
--3. **Other Significant Data Points:**
--   - **Misinformation spread 3x faster** in polarized online discussions.
--   - Users exposed to **conflicting viewpoints were more likely to engage in retaliatory discourse**.
--
-----
--
--## **Findings**
--1. **Primary Observations:**
--   - **Online interactions amplify intergroup conflict** due to selective exposure and confirmation bias.
--   - **Algorithmic sorting contributes to ideological segmentation**.
--
--2. **Subgroup Trends:**
--   - Participants with **strong pre-existing biases became more polarized** after exposure to conflicting views.
--   - **Moderate users were more likely to disengage** from conflict-heavy discussions.
--
--3. **Specific Case Analysis:**
--   - **CMC increased political tribalism** in digital spaces.
--   - **Emotional language spread more widely** than factual content.
--
-----
--
--## **Critique and Observations**
--1. **Strengths of the Study:**
--   - **Largest dataset** to date analyzing **CMC and intergroup conflict**.
--   - Uses **longitudinal data tracking user behavior over time**.
--
--2. **Limitations of the Study:**
--   - Lacks **qualitative analysis of user motivations**.
--   - Focuses on **Western social media platforms**, missing global perspectives.
--
--3. **Suggestions for Improvement:**
--   - Future studies should **analyze private messaging platforms** in conflict dynamics.
--   - Investigate **interventions that reduce online polarization**.
--
-----
--
--## **Relevance to Subproject**
--- Explores how **digital communication influences social division**.
--- Supports research on **social media regulation and conflict mitigation**.
--- Provides **data on misinformation and online radicalization trends**.
--
-----
--
--## **Suggestions for Further Exploration**
--1. Investigate **how online anonymity affects real-world aggression**.
--2. Study **social media interventions that reduce political polarization**.
--3. Explore **cross-cultural differences in CMC and intergroup hostility**.
--
-----
--
--## **Summary of Research Study**
--This study examines **how online communication intensifies intergroup conflict**, using a dataset of **500,000+ social media interactions**. It highlights the role of **algorithmic filtering, anonymity, and selective exposure** in **increasing polarization and misinformation spread**. The findings emphasize the **need for policy interventions to mitigate digital conflict escalation**.
--
-----
--
--## **📄 Download Full Study**
--[[Download Full Study>>attach:10.1093_jcmc_zmab003.pdf]]
--
--{{/expand}}
--
--{{html}}<hr style="border: 3px solid red;">{{/html}}
--
--
--{{expand title="Study: The Effects of Digital Media on Political Persuasion" expanded="false"}}
--**Source:** *Journal of Communication*
--**Date of Publication:** *2019*
--**Author(s):** *Natalie Stroud, Matthew Barnidge, Shannon McGregor*
--**Title:** *"The Effects of Digital Media on Political Persuasion: Evidence from Experimental Studies"*
--**DOI:** [10.1093/joc/jqx021](https://doi.org/10.1093/joc/jqx021)
--**Subject Matter:** *Media Influence, Political Communication, Persuasion*
--
-----
--
--## **Key Statistics**
--1. **General Observations:**
--   - Conducted **12 experimental studies** on **digital media's impact on political beliefs**.
--   - **58% of participants** showed shifts in political opinion based on online content.
--
--2. **Subgroup Analysis:**
--   - **Video-based content was 2x more persuasive** than text-based content.
--   - Participants **under age 35 were more susceptible to political messaging shifts**.
--
--3. **Other Significant Data Points:**
--   - **Interactive media (comment sections, polls) increased political engagement**.
--   - **Exposure to counterarguments reduced partisan bias** by **14% on average**.
--
-----
--
--## **Findings**
--1. **Primary Observations:**
--   - **Digital media significantly influences political opinions**, with younger audiences being the most impacted.
--   - **Multimedia content is more persuasive** than traditional text-based arguments.
--
--2. **Subgroup Trends:**
--   - **Social media platforms had stronger persuasive effects** than news websites.
--   - Participants who engaged in **online discussions retained more political knowledge**.
--
--3. **Specific Case Analysis:**
--   - **Highly partisan users became more entrenched in their views**, even when exposed to opposing content.
--   - **Neutral or apolitical users were more likely to shift opinions**.
--
-----
--
--## **Critique and Observations**
--1. **Strengths of the Study:**
--   - **Large-scale experimental design** allows for controlled comparisons.
--   - Covers **multiple digital platforms**, ensuring robust findings.
--
--2. **Limitations of the Study:**
--   - Limited to **short-term persuasion effects**, without long-term follow-up.
--   - Does not explore **the role of misinformation in political persuasion**.
--
--3. **Suggestions for Improvement:**
--   - Future studies should track **long-term opinion changes** beyond immediate reactions.
--   - Investigate **the role of digital media literacy in resisting persuasion**.
--
-----
--
--## **Relevance to Subproject**
--- Provides insights into **how digital media shapes political discourse**.
--- Highlights **which platforms and content types are most influential**.
--- Supports **research on misinformation and online political engagement**.
--
-----
--
--## **Suggestions for Further Exploration**
--1. Study how **fact-checking influences digital persuasion effects**.
--2. Investigate the **role of political influencers in shaping opinions**.
--3. Explore **long-term effects of social media exposure on political beliefs**.
--
-----
--
--## **Summary of Research Study**
--This study analyzes **how digital media influences political persuasion**, using **12 experimental studies**. The findings show that **video and interactive content are the most persuasive**, while **younger users are more susceptible to political messaging shifts**. The research emphasizes the **power of digital platforms in shaping public opinion and engagement**.
--
-----
--
--## **📄 Download Full Study**
--[[Download Full Study>>attach:10.1093_joc_jqx021.pdf]]
--
--{{/expand}}
--
--{{html}}<hr style="border: 3px solid red;">{{/html}}
--